Clauses Stating Reasons and Conditions
Unless
Used to communicate that something is true or
will happen except if something else happens.
I’ll be at the meeting unless I am
really busy.Unless I’m really busy, I’ll be at the meeting.(If I am really busy, I will not go to the meeting.)
even if
Used to introduce something that does not affect
the result of the main clause.
I’ll be at the meeting even if I
am really busy.
Even if I’m busy, I’ll be at the meeting.
(If I am busy, I will still go the meeting. The
amount of work I have will not prevent me from attending the meeting.)
as long
as
Used to introduce that something will only
happen or be true if what “as long as” introduces happens.
I will be at the meeting as long as I’m
not busy.
As long as I’m not busy, I’ll be at the meeting.
(If I am busy, I will not be at the meeting.)
(just) in
case
Used to introduce something that someone is
preparing for because there is a chance it might happen.
I asked Tim to take notes (just) in case I
can’t go to the meeting.
(Just) in case I can’t go to the meeting, I asked Tim to take notes for me.
(I will probably be at the meeting, but I’m taking
precautions because there is a possibility I won’t be at the meeting.)
only if
Used to introduce something that must happen or
be true for the main clause to happen.
I’ll miss the meeting only if I
have something really urgent to take care of.
I’ll only miss the meeting if I
have something really urgent to take care of.
now that
Used to explain a new situation.
Now that I’m a manager, I attend more meetings.
I attend more meetings now that I’m
a manager
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